The Super-Mega Volcanic Crater of the Southern Appalachians
by M. A. Masters, Architect
July 2010
Abstract
Statement:
The Southern Appalachian Mountains were created via massive volcanic eruption process. The crater from which the material was ejected forming these mountains can be identified as the large oval 'basin' which can clearly be distinguished via satellite photography as well as petrology and ground observation, on the eastern edge of the Southern Appalachian formation. The massive volcanic vent (roughly 60 x 30 miles), erupted during the Great Flood of Noah as described in Genesis 6 & 7, and is one of the many Fountains of the Great Deep (Genesis 7:11) which scarred the face of the Earth at the onset of the Flood, and continued to explode during the 150-day destructive event until the craters were finally quenched (Genesis 8:2).
The Volcanic Formation of the Southern Appalachians:
It
is “common scientific knowledge” that the southern Appalachians are the “oldest”
mountains in the world. This of course has been assumed by geologist due to the
application of their pre-conceived geological “time column” thus placing
these mountains amongst the “earliest” due to the type
of rock (“Cambrian”) without carefully considering their formation.
This has lead to the widely publicized false assumption. While orthodox
geology by default relies on the Plate Tectonic theory for answers to
their perplexing formation, the theory with its’ microscopic "collisional
movement", falls drastically short in providing a plausible solution
to the complex architecture of the Appalachians. Their evolutionary assumption
will also include the “breakup of Pangea” hypothesis therefore placing the
initial formation of the Apps when North America was mysteriously connected to
Africa, and slowly "drifted" for over 3,000 miles leaving the worn
down mountains we see today. This answer is far from scientific and can only be
dubbed as science-fiction or better yet pseudo-science.
True science must be observable and the Pangea hypothesis does not even remotely
qualify as such.
The
formation of the Appalachians began with a Super-mega
eruption which the eruption center can be pinpointed within the Brevard fault
line. The oval crater is roughly 60 miles long by 30 miles wide. Mt. Pisgah, and
much of the Pisgah national forest are the eroded “rim” formation of this
super-mega crater. The Brevard fault was thus crated along with several ring
faults that extend well into South Carolina and Georgia circumventing from
the crater. This eruption hurled enormous masses
of detritus into the air generally to the northwest of the crater in somewhat of
a radial pattern as the overall formation of the Appalachians is of an elongated
ovoid. Other eruptions were inevitably triggered by this mega blast including phreatic
eruptions as massive amounts of lava (volcanically ejected material) landed on
water entrapping the body, and followed with another explosion(s) due to the
intense heat of the lava causing a massive steam blast.
Most
of the Southern Appalachians are in fact highly crystallized igneous rock, or
simply dried lava that has twisted and
contorted upon ‘curing’. Therefore these mountains are essentially a very
large lava field that was ballistically
deposited from this crater. The assumption that these edifices are ‘worn
down’ is false as well. In fact these mountains are very steep while many of
the peaks and pinnacles are almost sheer cliffs which do not reflect “millions”
of years of erosion. As the Appalachians are essentially part of a rain forest, the continual forestation process has blanketed and
softened the appearance of these ranges and in fact have caused much
erosion, however not nearly the amount assumed by orthodox science. With careful
observation, one finds forest stands with a minimal amount of soil and often
with igneous rock within a few inches of the surface. This fact quickly negates
any assumption of eons of erosion. The valleys would also contain enormous
amounts of sediments but upon careful observation, the river beds also contain
masses of igneous rock and are defined by contraction
ravines as the massive amount of rocky material being in plastic
form cured on a macro scale creating large shrinkage cracks in which
major rivers eventually flow.
This
super-mega eruption triggered a chain reaction of eruptions that continued well
into the northeast forming the Appalachian linear belts. These eruptions were
most likely very effusive (watery) verses explosive. Therefore these chains are
folded and were molded into the linear shapes as the material became very plastic
due to the extreme heat of the water issuing from within. The majority of these
mountains contain sedimentary and metamorphic rock as a result of this hydrovolcanic
activity. This activity buried the lands to the northeast of these belts in
Alabama, Tennessee, Kentucky, Virginia, West Virginia and on into Pennsylvania
creating the hummocky mountain and valley formations that are rich in coal
deposits as older forest stands were buried by the eruptions along with forests
from within the eruption centers being thrust and mixed with the material
ejected via the intense eruption processes. Further shaping of these chains
could also be a result of massive fluvial debris flow from the Flood
waters. The settling of this debris into “frozen waves” can clearly be seen
in their intriguing formations especially in Virginia and Pennsylvania.
Within
and surrounding the Appalachians is iron-rich clay. Much of these clay deposits
are hummock (hilly) formations and extend well into Georgia, South Carolina and
eastern North Carolina. Therefore this region supports a major brick industry.
The clay was most likely formed by the eruption process as well. While the
Appalachians were exploding, much of the pulverized material landed in water,
sifting to the bottom and was essentially compressed by the enormous
water pressure microscopically flattening the material. The hill formations
within the Appalachians and surrounding the chain are due to fluid dynamics
during later stages of the Flood via movement of receding waters. A well defined
belt of kaolin clay encircles the Southern Apps forming a “ring” pattern in
SC, GA and AL. This could be eruption dynamics (the extents of material
ballistically placed by falling ash), or due to a river flow at the latter
staged of the Flood. The formation of clay is also assumed to be the result of
millions years of erosion coupled with warm temperatures when in fact many clays
are volcanic (pulverized material) and
can be formed rather quickly due to eruption dynamics and the presence of water.
The super-mega crater, which I will dub as the Appalachian Eye, also contains many plutonic masses within and surrounding the crater. This is typical of large volcanic eruptions where dried, pasty lava will be hydraulically forced upward as a semi-dried mass thus forming volcanic resurgent domes. As the eruption ripped the crust in a northeastern direction lifting and tilting the strata northwestward, other plutonic edifices issued shortly after the eruption near the fault including Stone Mountain GA and Stone Mountain NC near the VA border. The shock from this eruption sequence also caused volcanic flooding which is evident in the formation of the Cumberland Plateau in Tennessee. No doubt volcanic flooding took place within the region of the direct explosion, coupled with the material being ballistically placed therefore resulting in a very complex arrangement of formations. The shock from the eruption also most likely caused much of the eastern seaboard to experience liquefaction and subsidence, therefore causing the coast line to recede from its original position which was closer to the Mid-Ocean Ridge (MOR) formations (these formations are assumed to be "sea-floor spreading" centers per the Plate Tectonic theory).
Above: Satellite view of the Southern Appalachians. The Super-mega crater is shown as the red oval. The extents of the damage from this eruptive center had devastating effects throughout what is now the Southeastern US. While this is a relatively ‘small’ Super-mega crater as far as dimensions, the eruption from this fountain was extremely powerful thus reshaping the eastern seaboard. Dense crystalline rocks, (often referred to as greywacke) which are abundant within the Appalachians, are evidence of very powerful eruption processes that took place forming the Appalachians. These mountains are primarily re-crystallized sandstone ejected from the crater.
Following the intense eruption process at the onset of the Flood, the Appalachians, like other mountain chains across the globe, were further carved by receding waters. I also believe it is possible that the Apps had minor glaciation in the highest regions but did not experience the length of the Ice Age as they most likely melted fairly quickly. Historical volcanic activity has also taken place within the northeast section of the Appalachian Eye as many locals have witnessed audible explosions originating from within mountains. The Lake Lure and surrounding Broad River region are where this activity has been recorded to have take place. Mountains such as Rumbling top and Shumont are edifices that have had convulsions in recorded history. Activity was also witnessed in the Hot Springs area during the New Madrid earthquake which struck the Midwest in 1812 which apparently caused movement in the Appalachians. The New Madrid fault line could have been created by the massive eruptions of the Southern Appalachians during the Great Flood.
